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Triops longicaudatus
''Triops longicaudatus'' (commonly called longtail tadpole shrimp, American tadpole shrimp, or rice tadpole shrimp) is a freshwater crustacean of the order Notostraca, resembling a miniature horseshoe crab. It is characterized by an elongated, segmented body, a flattened shield-like brownish carapace covering two thirds of the thorax, and two long filaments on the abdomen. ''Triops'' refers to its three eyes, and ''longicaudatus'' refers to the elongated tail structures. ''Triops longicaudatus'' is found in freshwater ponds and pools, often in places where few higher forms of life can exist. Like its relative ''Triops cancriformis'', the longtail tadpole shrimp is considered a living fossil because its basic prehistoric morphology has changed little in the last 70 million years, exactly matching their ancient fossils. ''Triops longicaudatus'' is one of the oldest animal species still in existence.〔Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Volume 02 – Protostomes. Chapter 14 – (Order Notostraca )〕〔Encarta Encyclopedia 2005. Article – Branchiopoda〕
==Classification==
''Triops longicaudatus'' is a member of the crustacean class Branchiopoda, which primarily contains freshwater animals with gills on their legs. The class Branchiopoda is divided into the subclasses Sarsostraca, containing fairy shrimp, and Phyllopoda, containing all other members (cladocerans, clam shrimps, and the tadpole shrimp). The subclass name, literally meaning ''leaf-footed'', is derived from their flat, leaflike appendages. Notostracans are placed in the infraclass Calamanostraca, which also contains the extinct Kazacharthra.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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